definition of coma and grading of coma levels

coma is a severe disorder of consciousness characterized by a sustained interruption or complete loss of consciousness. according to the degree, it can be divided into mild coma, moderate coma and deep coma.

1. mild coma: most of the consciousness is lost, there is no voluntary movement, no response to sound or stimulation, and defensive reactions such as painful expressions or limb withdrawal may still appear in response to painful stimulation. corneal reflex, pupillary light reflex, eye movement swallowing reflex, etc. may exist.
2. moderate coma: unresponsive to surrounding objects and various stimuli. defense reflexes may occur in response to severe stimulation. the corneal reflex is weakened, the pupil's light reflex is slow, and the eyeball does not rotate.
3. deep coma: the muscles throughout the body are relaxed and unresponsive to various stimuli. both deep and shallow reflections disappear.
for comatose patients, they should turn over regularly, knock on their backs, and suction sputum to keep their respiratory tracts open and their skin clean and dry. if they have incontinence, vomiting, or sweating, they should be wiped clean in time.

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