what are the different levels of coma?

what are the different levels of coma? coma is divided into light coma, moderate coma and deep coma according to its degree.

(1) light coma: the patient shows loss of consciousness, no response to loud sounds, and complete loss of response to the second signal system. however, he can still have a simple response to strong painful stimulation. for example, if the upper edge of the orbit is pressed, the expression of pain and avoidance may appear. reaction, but the corneal reflex, pupillary light reflex, cough reflex, swallowing reflex and tendon reflex still exist, and vital signs are generally stable.

(2) moderate coma: more severe than shallow coma. the patient showed no response to painful stimulation, and his limbs were completely paralyzed. although the corneal reflex, pupillary light reflex, cough reflex, swallowing reflex, etc. still existed, they were significantly weakened, the tendon reflexes were hyperactive, the pathological reflexes were positive, and the respiratory and circulatory functions were generally poor. can.

(3) deep coma: the patient's eyes are fixed, pupils are dilated, corneal reflexes, pupillary light reflexes, cough reflexes and swallowing reflexes disappear, limbs are paralyzed, tendon reflexes disappear, pathological reflexes disappear, vital signs are unstable, and the patient is on the verge of death state.

in addition, in recent years, some scholars have included brain death in the category of coma, calling it excessive coma (brain death). brain death is an irreversible brain damage, which mainly manifests as loss of whole brain function, termination of cerebral circulation, and nervous system failure. the stability of the body's environment can no longer be maintained.

depending on the cause of the disease, first aid measures need to be actively taken to save the patient's life as much as possible